| 銀河物理学特論I: Galactic Astronomy (IGPAS) 観測で明らかにする銀河の形成と進化  大型望遠鏡の活躍により銀河の形成と進化について様々な観測的情報が
得られつつある。ここでは現在の理解の基本となっている論文を輪講することで
銀河の形成と進化について観測的に明らかになったことを理解することを目的
とする。  ここでは特に観測的結果に重みを置き、銀河の観測の手法、道筋、それにより
明かされた情報、および現在の観測の限界について理解することを目指す。  講義は各分野の背景説明と論文の輪講で進める。出席者は一度は指定された論文を
読んで発表する。講義への出席と発表の内容によって成績を評価する。
    Formation and evolution of galaxies revealed by observational approach  This lecture is also held as a IGPAS lecutre and made in mixture of English and
Japanese. Recent observations with large ground-based / space telescopes revealed various
aspects of formation and evolution of galaixes. In this lecture, by reading fundamental
science papers, understand the formation and evolution of galaxies revealed by observational
approach.   By reading science papers, understand the method of observational astronomy, 
technologies of observations, and physical properties revealed by the observations.
Understand the current limit of observational approach to formation and evolution of
galaxies.   By reading science papers selected systematically, review the entire field of
observational approach to formation and evolution of galaixes   The goals of the lecture are 1) understand the "observed" properties of
galaxies in the local universe, including AGNs, 2) understand the "observed" evolution 
of the properties in the cosmic history, and 3) overview methods of the observations and
instruments. I expect you will be used to 1) reading English papers, 2) English wording in 
the field of astronomy, 3) summarizing papers, and 4) explaining in English.   Every attendee need to read one of the selected papers and make presentation on the 
paper. The score will be determined by the presentation.  
   Section 1: Statistical properties of galaxies in the local universe
       
        10/07 1-1: Morphological properties, stellar populations
        10/21 1-2: Dynamical structure
        10/28 1-3: Emission line diagnostics, multi-wavelength view, gas contents
        11/11 1-4: Super massive black holes, active galactic nuclei
        11/18 1-5: Dependence of galaxy properties on environment 
        Section 2: Observations of galaxies in the distant (high-redshift) universe
       
        11/25 2-1: Searching for distant galaxies, method (Seminar presentation) 
            
        12/02 2-2: Evolution of luminosity and mass functions of galaxies (Seminar presentation)
            
        12/09 2-3: Chemical evolution of galaxies (Seminar presentation)
            
        12/16 2-4: Evolution of dynamical properties of galaxies (Seminar presentation)
            
        01/06 2-5: Evolution of galaxies in clusters of galaxies (Seminar presentation)
            
        01/20 2-6: Co-evolution of galaxies and super massive black holes (Seminar presentation)
            
        01/27 2-7: Summary
            
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